There two types of category of text types which students must be competent in using-Literary text types and factual text types. Every text type has structural and language features. An outline is provided below:
| Text Type | Purpose | Structural Features | Language Features |
| Narrative | To entertain, amuse or instruct | Orientation complication series of events coda | Noun groups to describe characters and settings time words Action verbs |
| Report | To classify and/or describe | General statement Description | Technical language, simple present tense, Generalised Terms |
| Recount | To retell a series of events | Orientation sequence of events | Descriptive language, past tense, Time words to connect events, Words which tell us where, when, with whom, how |
| Procedure | To instruct someone how to do something | Goal material or equipment steps | Verbs usually at the beginning of each instruction Words or groups of words which tell us how, when, where, with whom |
| Explanation | To explain how or why something occurs | Phenomenon identification Explanation sequence | Technical language Use of words such as because, as a result, to establish cause and effect sequences |
| Exposition | To persuade by arguing one side of an issue | Thesis Arguments Reinforcement of thesis | Words that qualify, eg usually, probably Words that link arguments eg firstly, on the other hand |
| Response | to respond to an artistic work | Context of artistic work Description of artistic work Judgement | Words which express judgements Descriptive language |
